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Elements and Performance Criteria

1. Prepare for troubleshooting
   • Relevant maintenance documentation and modification status, including system defect/service difficulty reports, where relevant, are interpreted to identify an unserviceability
2. Test/adjust instrument and display systems
   • The aircraft and systems are correctly prepared in accordance with specified procedures for the application of power and system operation
   • Instrument or display system is functionally tested in accordance with specified procedures for evidence of serviceability or malfunction while observing all relevant work health and safety (WHS) requirements
   • System calibration or adjustments are performed in accordance with specified procedures
3. Troubleshoot instrument and display systems
   • Available information from maintenance documentation and inspection and test results is used, where necessary, to assist in fault determination
   • Maintenance manual fault diagnosis guides and logic processes are used to ensure efficient and accurate troubleshooting to line replacement level
   • Specialist advice is obtained, where required, to assist with the troubleshooting process
   • Instrument or display system faults are located and the causes of the faults are clearly identified and correctly recorded in maintenance documentation, where required
   • Fault rectification requirements are determined to assist in planning the repair or adjustment

Range Statement

This field allows for different work environments and conditions that may affect performance. Essential operating conditions that may be present (depending on the work situation, needs of the candidate, accessibility of the item, and local industry and regional contexts) are included.
Instrument or display systems include:	Flight instruments – pitot/static systems, airspeed indicators (ASIs), machmeters, air data systems and instruments, vertical speed indicators (VSIs), altimeters, altitude alerting and reporting, turn and bank, directional gyros (DGs), artificial horizons (AHs), angle of attack, stall warning/avoidance, ground proximity warning system (GPWS) and flight data recorders (FDRs) Engine instruments – engine speed, pressure, temperature, performance, vibration and torque Instrument navigation systems – inertial navigation system (INS), inertial reference system (IRS), compasses and attitude and heading reference system (AHRS) Miscellaneous – pressure, fuel quantity, fuel flow, position, voltage, frequency, current and power Display systems – electronic flight instrument system (EFIS), engine indicating and crew alerting system (EICAS), flight management computer system (FMCS), electronic central aircraft monitor system (ECAM) and head-up display (HUD) (where applicable to the enterprise) Integrated modular avionics (where applicable to the enterprise)
Procedures and requirements include:	Industry standard procedures specified by manufacturers, regulatory authorities or the enterprise

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Performance Evidence

Evidence required to demonstrate competency in this unit must be relevant to and satisfy all of the requirements of the elements and performance criteria under the specified conditions of assessment, and must include:

using hand skills, tools and test equipment in the testing, adjustment and troubleshooting of instrument and display systems

recognition of system and component defects/external damage, correct installation, connection of plugs, terminations, and attaching hardware (including cabling/harnesses) for the systems listed in Range of Conditions

interpreting the information presented on instrument and display systems

applying logic processes and using appropriate wiring diagrams and manuals to isolate instrument and display system malfunctions

performing system functional tests and checks to isolate system faults and assess post-maintenance serviceability

effectively using maintenance documentation and relevant fault diagnosis guides in the troubleshooting process

applying standard procedures

observing all relevant WHS procedures.

It is essential that system testing procedures, cleanliness requirements and safety precautions applicable to the instrument system being maintained are fully observed, understood and complied with. Ability to interpret inspection procedures and specifications (allowable limits) and apply them in practice across a range of inspection, testing and troubleshooting applications (including the timely involvement of supervisors or other trades) is critical.

Evidence of transferability of skills and knowledge related to testing and troubleshooting is essential. This may be demonstrated through application across a range of aircraft instrument and display systems (where display systems are applicable to the enterprise) listed in the Assessment Conditions.

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Knowledge Evidence

Evidence required to demonstrate competency in this unit must be relevant to and satisfy all of the requirements of the elements and performance criteria and include knowledge of:

standard trade practices relating to tool and test equipment usage and installation/securing of system components

the basic layout (block diagram level) of the systems listed in the Range of Conditions

the operating principles of the systems listed in the Range of Conditions and associated with:

the properties and effects of atmospheric conditions on aircraft instruments and systems

pressure and temperature sensing elements and their use in aircraft instruments

gyroscopes and their use in aircraft instrument and reference systems

electrical fundamentals and display screen generation

the various methods of navigation and how they are used by both conventional and electronic navigational instruments and systems

maintenance requirements and troubleshooting procedures

WHS procedures relating to instrument and display systems and components

relevant maintenance manuals

relevant regulatory requirements and standard procedures, including software management control.

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